Often dismissed as mere mimics, they were remarkable even by that standard.

Verkkowashoe’s adoption of loulis began a functional third phase of the signing research with chimpanzees.

Verkkoallen and beatrix (“trixie”) gardner welcomed a chimpanzee named kathy to reno, nevada.

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Verkkowashoe is said to have taught loulis signs, representing the first time a primate learned sign language from another chimp instead of a human researcher.

Washoe, a female chimpanzee trained by beatrice and allan gardner, learned to use well over 150 signs.

It turned out that.

Like the others, loulis also acquired signs of.

Some apparently were used as.

Washoe, originally taken as an infant from the.

Some apparently were used as.

Washoe, originally taken as an infant from the.

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